Over the years, card processing has become more and more complicated. From the legacy magnetic stripe swipe to the tap-on-phone use case, acceptance systems have suffered from a lack of definition and standardization, leading to a complexity impacting costs, delays, and risks of software projects integrating the card-present payment function.

In order to integrate Agnos properly, it is important to share a common definition of the card processing.

At a first glance, card processing might encapsulate the business logic that is specified inside “L2” specifications. However, payment networks have different view on this level of abstraction. So, it is impossible to rely on such definition.